Betty Holberton
Betty Holberton (1917-2001) was one of the original ENIAC crew. (Nee Snyder). She was the inventor of the mnemonic instruction set (called C-10) for the BINAC, which Grace Hopper described as "the basis for all subsequent programming languages." It has been said that in creating this, she started the movement away from switch assemblies and towards keyboards as the primary input device for computers.
She also wrote the first generative programming system (SORT/MERGE), and the the first statistical analysis package (for the 1950 US Census).
She was the person who suggested grey as the colour for UNIVAC computers (rather than black as it was at the time).
In 1997 she received the Augusta Ada Lovelace Award, which is the highest honor possible for a computer programer.
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