1960

Years :	1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963
Centuries:	19th century · 20th century · 21st century
Decades:	1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s
Years:	1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963

1960 by topic:
Arts
Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music - Television
Science and technology
Archaeology - Aviation - Meteorology - Rail transport - Radio - Science
By country
Australia - Canada - India - Ireland - Mexico - South Africa
Other topics
Awards - Sport - Law - State leaders - Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Births - Deaths

1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar).

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Events

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January

January — State of emergency is lifted in Kenya — Mau Mau Rebellion is officially over
January 1 — Independence of Cameroon
January 9-11 — Aswan High Dam construction begins in Egypt
January 14 — Reserve bank and Commonwealth Bank are created
January 19 Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan signed in Washington
January 21 — Mine collapses at Coalbrook, South Africa — 437 dead
January 22 — In France, president Charles de Gaulle fires Jacques Massun, commander-in-chief for the French troops in Algeria
January 22-23 — Jacques Piccard and Donald Walsh descend into the Marianas Trench in the bathyscape Trieste, reaching the depth of 10,916 meters
January 23 — Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh in the bathyscaphe USS Trieste break a depth record when they descend to the bottom of Challenger Deep 35,820 feet (10,750 meters) below sea level in the Pacific Ocean
January 24 — A major insurrection in Algiers against French colonial policy
January 25 — The National Association of Broadcasters reacts to the Payola scandal by threatening fines for any disc jockeys who accepted money for playing particular records

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February

February 1 — In Greensboro, N.C., four black students from North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College begin a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter. Although they are refused service, they are allowed to stay at the counter. The event triggers many similar nonviolent protests throughout the South, and six months later the original four protesters are served lunch at the same counter.
February 5 — Particle accelerator of CERN inaugurated in Geneva, Switzerland
February 8-February 9 — Adolph Coors II killed during an attempt to kidnap him in Colorado. Joseph Corbett Jr is arrested next October
February 9 — Joanne Woodward receives the first star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
February 9 — Adolph Coors III, chairman of the board of the Coors Brewing Company, is kidnapped and captors demand $500,000. Coors is later found dead and Joseph Corbett Jr is indicted.
February 10 — In Brussels, conference about Congo independence begins
February 11 — 12 Indian soldiers die in clashes with Chinese troops at the border
February 11 — The airship ZPG-3W is destroyed in a storm in Massachusetts
February 13 — Nuclear testing: France tests its first atomic bomb in Sahara
February 18 — 1960 Winter Olympics open in Squaw Valley, California.
February 29-March 1 night — Earthquake totally destroys Agadir, Morocco.

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March

March 3 — Elvis Presley returns home from Germany after being away on duty for 2 years
March 6 — Vietnam War: The United States announces that 3,500 American soldiers are going to be sent to Vietnam
March 6 — Canton of Geneva in Switzerland gives women the right to vote
March 21 — Apartheid: Massacre in Sharpeville, South Africa: Afrikaner police open fire on a group of unarmed black South African demonstrators, killing 69 and wounding 180.
March 22 — Arthur Leonard Schawlow & Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser.
March 23 — Nikita Khrushchev meets Charles De Gaulle in Paris

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April

April 1 — Tuanku Abdul Rahman ibni Almarhum Tuanku Muhammad, 1st Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia dies in office. He is replaced by Hisamuddin Alam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah, Sultan of Selangor.
April 1 — The United States launches the first weather satellite, TIROS-1
April 4 — First three female priests ordained in Sweden
April 9 — Gunman attacks South African Prime Minister Verwoerd in Johannesburg and wounds him seriously
April 12 — Eric Peugeot, youngest son of founder of Peugeot is kidnapped in Paris. Kidnappers release him April 15 in exchange for $300,000 ransom
April 13 — USA launches navigation satellite Transat I-b
April 21 — In Brazil, The Country's capital (Federal District) is shifted from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília. The Estado da Guanabara (State of Guanabara) is founded to succeed Rio de Janeiro as the Brazilian Federal District.
April 27 — Togo gains independence from French-administered UN trusteeship

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May

May 1 — Soviet missile shoots down the US U2 spy plane; the pilot Gary Powers is captured
May 4 — West German refugee minister Theodor Oberländer is fired because of his nazi past
May 9 — Reproductive rights: The Food and Drug Administration approves sale of the birth control pill
May 10 — The nuclear submarine USS Nautilus completes the first under water circumnavigation of the Earth
May 11 — In Buenos Aires four Mossad agents abduct fugitive Nazi Adolf Eichmann who was using the assumed name "Ricardo Klement"
May 13 — First ascent of Dhaulagiri, world's 7th highest mountain
May 14 — Kenyan African National Congress party is founded in Kenya when three political parties join forces
May 15 — Sputnik 4 is launched into Earth orbit
May 16 — Nikita Khrushchev demands an apology from US President Dwight D. Eisenhower for U-2 spy plane flights over the Soviet Union thus ending a Big Four summit in Paris
May 16 — Theodore Maiman operates the first laser.
May 20 — In Japan, police carry away socialist members of the Diet. Parliament then approves a security treaty with the USA
May 22 — Great Chilean Earthquake: Chile's subduction fault ruptures from Talcahuano to Península de Taitao, loosing a tsunami and one of the greatest earthquakes on record
May 23 — Prime Minister of Israel David Ben-Gurion announces that Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann has been captured
May 27 — In Turkey, a bloodless military coup d'état removes President Celal Bayar and the government and invites General Cemal Gürsel as the head of state.

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June

June 4 — Lake Bodom murders in Finland.
June 9 — Typhoon Mary kills 1600 in Fukien province of China
June 15 — Violent demonstrations in Tokyo University — police arrest 182; 589 injured
June 15 — BC Ferries, the second largest ferry operator in the world starts service between Tsawwassen and Swartz Bay.
June 20 — Independence of Mali and Senegal
June 23 — Japanese prime minister Kishi announces his resignation
June 24 — Joseph Kasavubu elected the first president of independent Congo
June 24 — Avro 748 first flight at Woodford, UK
June 26 — British Somaliland gains independence from UK — 5 days later it united with the former Italian Somaliland to create modern Somali Republic
June 30 — Belgian Congo gains independence from Belgium — civil war follows
June 30 — The Mali Federation between Senegal and Sudanese Republic (modern-day Mali) gains independence from France

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July

July 1 — A Soviet MiG fighter north of Murmansk in the Barents Sea shot down a six-man RB-47. Two United States Air Force officers survived and were imprisoned in Moscow's dreaded Lubyanka prison. (see RB-47H shot down)
July 4 — Following the admission of Hawaii as the 50th U.S. state the previous year, the 50-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
July 10 — The Soviet Union beat Yugoslavia 2-1 to win the first European Football Championship
July 11 — Moise Tshombe declares the Congolese province of Katanga independent; he receives Belgian help
July 12 — Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded
July 14 — United Nations decides to send troops to Katanga to oversee Belgian troops withdrawal
July 20 — Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) elects Sirimavo Bandaranaike Prime Minister, the world's first female head of government.
July 21 — Francis Chichester, English navigator and yachtsman, arrives in New York aboard Gypsy Moth II — he has made a record solo Atlantic crossing in 40 days
July 27 — OECD founded

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August

August — Stanley Clifford Weyman, US impostor, is killed when he tries to prevent a robbery
August 5 — Burkina Faso declares independence from France
August 6 — Cuban Revolution: In response to a United States embargo, Cuba nationalizes American and foreign-owned property in the nation.
August 6 — In Congo, Albert Kalonji declares independence of Autonomous State of South Kasai
August 7 — Côte d'Ivoire becomes independent.
August 11 — Chad becomes independent.
August 16 — Joseph Kittinger parachutes from a balloon over New Mexico at 102,800 feet (31,333 m). He sets unbeaten (as of 2005) world records for: high-altitude jump; free-fall by falling 16 miles (25.7 km) before opening his parachute; and fastest speed by a human without motorized assistance, 982 km/h (614 mi/h).
August 16 — Cyprus gains its independence from the United Kingdom
August 17 — Gabon gains independence from France
August 17 — Trial of U-2 pilot Gary Powers begins in Moscow
August 18 — Enovid, the first commercially produced oral contraceptive, is launched in Skokie, Illinois
August 19 — Cold War: In Moscow, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage
August 19 — Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 5 with the dogs Belka and Strelka (Russian for "Squirrel" and "Little Arrow"), 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants. The spacecraft return to earth the next day and all animals are recovered safely.
August 20 — Senegal breaks from the Mali federation, declaring independence.
August 25 — 1960 Summer Olympics open in Rome. USS Seadragon (SSN-584) surfaces at the north pole where the crew plays softball.
August 29 — September 13 — Hurricane Donna kills 50 in Florida-New England area

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September

September 1 — Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah, Sultan of Selangor and 2nd Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia, dies in office. He is replaced by Tuanku Syed Putra, Raja of Perlis.
September 1 — Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company (event lasted 2 days)
September 5 — Cassius Clay wins the gold medal in boxing at the Rome Olympic Games.
September 5 — Congo president Joseph Kasavubu fires Patrice Lumumba's government and places him under house arrest
September 8 — In Huntsville, Alabama, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA had already activated the facility on July 1)
September 14 — Colonel Joseph Mobutu takes power in Congo in a military coup
September 14 — Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela form OPEC
September 26 — The two leading US presidential candidates, Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy, participate in the first televised presidential debate.

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October

October 1 — Nigeria gains independence — Nnamdi Azikiwe is the first native Governor General
October 3 — Jânio Quadros, elected president of Brazil, for a five-year term.
October 5 — White South Africans vote to make the country a republic.
October 7 — Second notable flood in Horncastle
October 12 — Cold War: Nikita Khrushchev pounds his shoe on a table at a General Assembly of the United Nations meeting to protest discussion of Soviet Union policy toward Eastern Europe.
October 12 — Otoya Yamaguchi assassinates Inejiro Asanuma, chairman of Japanese Socialist Party
October 14 — US presidential candidate John F. Kennedy first suggests the idea for the Peace Corps
October 24 — Rocket explodes in Baikonur space center during fueling — 91 dead
October 29 — In Louisville, Kentucky, Cassius Clay (who later took the name Muhammad Ali) wins his first professional fight

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November

November 1 — While campaigning for President of the United States, John F. Kennedy announces his idea of the Peace Corps.
November 2 — Penguin Books is found not guilty of obscenity in the Lady Chatterley's Lover case.
November 8 — U.S. presidential election, 1960: In a close race, John F. Kennedy is elected over Richard M. Nixon, becoming the youngest man elected to that office.
November 13 — Sammy Davis, Jr. marries Swedish actress May Britt. Interracial marriage is still illegal in 31 US states out of 50.
November 15 — The Polaris missile is test launched
November 22 — United Nations supports government of Joseph Kasa Vubu and Joseph Mobutu in Congo
November 28 — Mauritania becomes independent of France
November 30 — Production of the DeSoto automobile brand ceases

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December

December 1 — Patrice Lumumba, the deposed premier of the Congo was arrested by troops of Col. Joseph Mobutu.
December 1 — A 5-ton Soviet space ship containing animals, insects and plants was launched into orbit. The spacecraft burned up upon re-entry.
December 2 — The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Geoffrey Francis Fisher, talked with Pope John XXIII for about an hour in the Vatican. It was the first time in more than 500 years that a head of the Anglican church had visited the Pope.
December 2 — U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the use of $1M for the relief and resettlement of Cuban refugees in Florida. Cuban refugees have been arriving in Florida at the rate of 1,000 a week.
December 2 — Congolese soldiers arrest Patrice Lumumba.
December 4 — Admission to the United Nations of Mauritania was vetoed by the USSR.
December 5 — Pierre Lagaillarde, who led 1958 and 1960 insurrections in Algeria, failed to appear in a Paris court. He was reported to have fled with 4 fellow defendants to Spain en route to Algeria.
December 7 — The United Nations Security Council was called into session by the USSR to consider the Soviet demands that the U.N. seek the immediate release of former Congolese Premier Patrice Lumumba.
December 9 — French President Charles de Gaulle's visit to Algeria was marked by bloody riots by European and Muslim mobs in Algeria's largest cities, killing 127 people.
December 12 — A Federal Court ruling that Louisiana's anti-integration laws were unconstitutional was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court.
December 13 — While the Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia was on a visit to Brazil, an unsuccessful revolt against his rule is carried out by his Imperial Guard. The rebels proclaim the emperor's son, Crown Prince Asfa Wossen.
December 13 — Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Honduras found the Central American Common Market.
December 14 — Antoine Gizenga proclaims in Stanleyville in the Congo that he has assumed the premiership.
December 14 — OECD formed in Paris.
December 15 — King Mahendra of Nepal deposes the government and takes power into his own hands.
December 15 — Royal wedding in Belgium: King Baudouin of Belgium marries Doña Fabiola de Mora y Aragon.
December 16 — U.S. Secretary of State Christian Herter announced that the United States would commit five atomic submarines and 80 Polaris missiles to NATO by the end of 1963.
December 16 — The midair collision between a United Airlines DC-8 and a TWA Super-Constellation over New York City kills all 128 on both planes and 6 persons on the ground.
December 17 — Troops loyal to Haile Selassie I in Ethiopia suppress the revolt that started on December 13 and give power back to their leader upon his return from Brazil. Haile Selassie absolves his son of any guilt.
December 19 — Fire sweeps through the USS Constellation, the U.S.'s largest aircraft carrier, while it is under construction at a Brooklyn Navy Yard pier, injuring 150 and killing 50.
December 20 — Discoverer XIX is launched into polar orbit from Vandenberg Air Force Base, to measure radiation.
December 27 — France sets off its third nuclear test blast at its atomic proving grounds at Reggane, Algeria.